summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/src/rebar_prv_dialyzer.erl
blob: 44dc0d20bc5718c2727e3e6a877030a1c325d9d1 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
%% -*- erlang-indent-level: 4;indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-
%% ex: ts=4 sw=4 et

-module(rebar_prv_dialyzer).

-behaviour(provider).

-export([init/1,
         do/1,
         format_error/1]).

-include("rebar.hrl").
-include_lib("providers/include/providers.hrl").

-define(PROVIDER, dialyzer).
-define(DEPS, [compile]).
-define(PLT_PREFIX, "rebar3").

%% ===================================================================
%% Public API
%% ===================================================================

-spec init(rebar_state:t()) -> {ok, rebar_state:t()}.
init(State) ->
    Opts = [{update_plt, $u, "update-plt", boolean, "Enable updating the PLT. Default: true"},
            {succ_typings, $s, "succ-typings", boolean, "Enable success typing analysis. Default: true"}],
    State1 = rebar_state:add_provider(State, providers:create([{name, ?PROVIDER},
                                                               {module, ?MODULE},
                                                               {bare, true},
                                                               {deps, ?DEPS},
                                                               {example, "rebar3 dialyzer"},
                                                               {short_desc, short_desc()},
                                                               {desc, desc()},
                                                               {opts, Opts}])),
    {ok, State1}.

desc() ->
    short_desc() ++ "\n"
    "\n"
    "This command will build, and keep up-to-date, a suitable PLT and will use "
    "it to carry out success typing analysis on the current project.\n"
    "\n"
    "The following (optional) configurations can be added to a `proplist` of "
    "options `dialyzer` in rebar.config:\n"
    "`warnings` - a list of dialyzer warnings\n"
    "`get_warnings` - display warnings when altering a PLT file (boolean)\n"
    "`plt_apps` - the strategy for determining the applications which included "
    "in the PLT file, `top_level_deps` to include just the direct dependencies "
    "or `all_deps` to include all nested dependencies*\n"
    "`plt_extra_apps` - a list of extra applications to include in the PLT "
    "file\n"
    "`plt_extra_mods` - a list of extra modules to includes in the PLT file\n"
    "`plt_location` - the location of the PLT file, `local` to store in the "
    "profile's base directory (default) or a custom directory.\n"
    "`plt_prefix` - the prefix to the PLT file, defaults to \"rebar3\"**\n"
    "`base_plt_apps` - a list of applications to include in the base "
    "PLT file***\n"
    "`base_plt_mods` - a list of modules to include in the base "
    "PLT file***\n"
    "`base_plt_location` - the location of base PLT file, `global` to store in "
    "$HOME/.cache/rebar3 (default) or  a custom directory***\n"
    "`base_plt_prefix` - the prefix to the base PLT file, defaults to "
    "\"rebar3\"** ***\n"
    "`exclude_apps` - a list of applications to exclude from PLT files and "
    "success typing analysis, `plt_extra_mods` and `base_plt_mods` can add "
    "modules from excluded applications\n"
    "`exclude_mods` - a list of modules to exclude from PLT files and "
    "success typing analysis\n"
    "\n"
    "For example, to warn on unmatched returns: \n"
    "{dialyzer, [{warnings, [unmatched_returns]}]}.\n"
    "\n"
    "*The direct dependent applications are listed in `applications` and "
    "`included_applications` of their .app files.\n"
    "**PLT files are named \"<prefix>_<otp_release>_plt\".\n"
    "***The base PLT is a PLT containing the core applications often required "
    "for a project's PLT. One base PLT is created per OTP version and "
    "stored in `base_plt_location`. A base PLT is used to build project PLTs."
    "\n".

short_desc() ->
    "Run the Dialyzer analyzer on the project.".

-spec do(rebar_state:t()) -> {ok, rebar_state:t()} | {error, string()}.
do(State) ->
    maybe_fix_env(),
    ?INFO("Dialyzer starting, this may take a while...", []),
    code:add_pathsa(rebar_state:code_paths(State, all_deps)),
    Plt = get_plt(State),

    try
        do(State, Plt)
    catch
        throw:{dialyzer_error, Error} ->
            ?PRV_ERROR({error_processing_apps, Error});
        throw:{dialyzer_warnings, Warnings} ->
            ?PRV_ERROR({dialyzer_warnings, Warnings});
        throw:{unknown_application, _} = Error ->
            ?PRV_ERROR(Error);
        throw:{unknown_module, _} = Error ->
            ?PRV_ERROR(Error);
        throw:{duplicate_module, _, _, _} = Error ->
            ?PRV_ERROR(Error);
        throw:{output_file_error, _, _} = Error ->
            ?PRV_ERROR(Error)
    after
        rebar_utils:cleanup_code_path(rebar_state:code_paths(State, default))
    end.

%% This is used to workaround dialyzer quirk discussed here
%% https://github.com/erlang/rebar3/pull/489#issuecomment-107953541
%% Dialyzer gets default plt location wrong way by peeking HOME environment
%% variable which usually is not defined on Windows.
maybe_fix_env() ->
    os:putenv("DIALYZER_PLT", filename:join(rebar_dir:home_dir(), ".dialyzer_plt")).

-spec format_error(any()) -> iolist().
format_error({error_processing_apps, Error}) ->
    io_lib:format("Error in dialyzing apps: ~s", [Error]);
format_error({dialyzer_warnings, Warnings}) ->
    io_lib:format("Warnings occured running dialyzer: ~b", [Warnings]);
format_error({unknown_application, App}) ->
    io_lib:format("Could not find application: ~s", [App]);
format_error({unknown_module, Mod}) ->
    io_lib:format("Could not find module: ~s", [Mod]);
format_error({duplicate_module, Mod, File1, File2}) ->
    io_lib:format("Duplicates of module ~s: ~s ~s", [Mod, File1, File2]);
format_error({output_file_error, File, Error}) ->
    Error1 = file:format_error(Error),
    io_lib:format("Failed to write to ~s: ~s", [File, Error1]);
format_error(Reason) ->
    io_lib:format("~p", [Reason]).

%% Internal functions

get_plt(State) ->
    Prefix = get_config(State, plt_prefix, ?PLT_PREFIX),
    Name = plt_name(Prefix),
    case get_config(State, plt_location, local) of
        local ->
            BaseDir = rebar_dir:base_dir(State),
            filename:join(BaseDir, Name);
        Dir ->
            filename:join(Dir, Name)
    end.

plt_name(Prefix) ->
    Prefix ++ "_" ++ rebar_utils:otp_release() ++ "_plt".

do(State, Plt) ->
    Output = get_output_file(State),
    {PltWarnings, State1} = update_proj_plt(State, Plt, Output),
    {Warnings, State2} = succ_typings(State1, Plt, Output),
    case PltWarnings + Warnings of
        0 ->
            {ok, State2};
        TotalWarnings ->
            ?INFO("Warnings written to ~s", [Output]),
            throw({dialyzer_warnings, TotalWarnings})
    end.

get_output_file(State) ->
    BaseDir = rebar_dir:base_dir(State),
    Output = filename:join(BaseDir, default_output_file()),
    case file:open(Output, [write]) of
        {ok, File} ->
            ok = file:close(File),
            Output;
        {error, Reason} ->
            throw({output_file_error, Output, Reason})
    end.

default_output_file() ->
    rebar_utils:otp_release() ++ ".dialyzer_warnings".

update_proj_plt(State, Plt, Output) ->
    {Args, _} = rebar_state:command_parsed_args(State),
    case proplists:get_value(update_plt, Args) of
        false ->
            {0, State};
        _ ->
            do_update_proj_plt(State, Plt, Output)
    end.

do_update_proj_plt(State, Plt, Output) ->
    ?INFO("Updating plt...", []),
    Files = proj_plt_files(State),
    case read_plt(State, Plt) of
        {ok, OldFiles} ->
            check_plt(State, Plt, Output, OldFiles, Files);
        error ->
            build_proj_plt(State, Plt, Output, Files)
    end.

proj_plt_files(State) ->
    BasePltApps = base_plt_apps(State),
    PltApps = get_config(State, plt_extra_apps, []) ++ BasePltApps,
    BasePltMods = get_config(State, base_plt_mods, []),
    PltMods = get_config(State, plt_extra_mods, []) ++ BasePltMods,
    Apps = proj_apps(State),
    DepApps = proj_deps(State),
    get_files(State, DepApps ++ PltApps, Apps -- PltApps, PltMods, []).

proj_apps(State) ->
    [ec_cnv:to_atom(rebar_app_info:name(App)) ||
     App <- rebar_state:project_apps(State)].

proj_deps(State) ->
    Apps = rebar_state:project_apps(State),
    DepApps = lists:flatmap(fun rebar_app_info:applications/1, Apps),
    case get_config(State, plt_apps, top_level_deps) of
        top_level_deps -> DepApps;
        all_deps       -> collect_nested_dependent_apps(DepApps)
    end.

get_files(State, Apps, SkipApps, Mods, SkipMods) ->
    ?INFO("Resolving files...", []),
    ExcludeApps = get_config(State, exclude_apps, []),
    Files = apps_files(Apps, ExcludeApps ++ SkipApps, dict:new()),
    ExcludeMods = get_config(State, exclude_mods, []),
    Files2 = mods_files(Mods, ExcludeMods ++ SkipMods, Files),
    dict:fold(fun(_, File, Acc) -> [File | Acc] end, [], Files2).

apps_files([], _, Files) ->
    Files;
apps_files([AppName | DepApps], SkipApps, Files) ->
    case lists:member(AppName, SkipApps) of
        true ->
            apps_files(DepApps, SkipApps, Files);
        false ->
            AppFiles = app_files(AppName),
            ?DEBUG("~s modules: ~p", [AppName, dict:fetch_keys(AppFiles)]),
            Files2 = merge_files(Files, AppFiles),
            apps_files(DepApps, [AppName | SkipApps], Files2)
    end.

app_files(AppName) ->
    case app_ebin(AppName) of
        {ok, EbinDir} ->
            ebin_files(EbinDir);
        {error, bad_name} ->
            throw({unknown_application, AppName})
    end.

app_ebin(AppName) ->
    case code:lib_dir(AppName, ebin) of
        {error, bad_name} = Error ->
            Error;
        EbinDir ->
            check_ebin(EbinDir)
    end.

check_ebin(EbinDir) ->
    case filelib:is_dir(EbinDir) of
        true ->
            {ok, EbinDir};
        false ->
            {error, bad_name}
    end.

ebin_files(EbinDir) ->
    Ext = code:objfile_extension(),
    Wildcard = "*" ++ Ext,
    Files = filelib:wildcard(Wildcard, EbinDir),
    Store = fun(File, Mods) ->
                    Mod = list_to_atom(filename:basename(File, Ext)),
                    Absname = filename:join(EbinDir, File),
                    dict:store(Mod, Absname, Mods)
            end,
    lists:foldl(Store, dict:new(), Files).

merge_files(Files1, Files2) ->
    Duplicate = fun(Mod, File1, File2) ->
                        throw({duplicate_module, Mod, File1, File2})
               end,
    dict:merge(Duplicate, Files1, Files2).

mods_files(Mods, SkipMods, Files) ->
    Keep = fun(File) -> File end,
    Ensure = fun(Mod, Acc) ->
                     case lists:member(Mod, SkipMods) of
                         true ->
                             Acc;
                         false ->
                             dict:update(Mod, Keep, mod_file(Mod), Acc)
                     end
          end,
    Files2 = lists:foldl(Ensure, Files, Mods),
    lists:foldl(fun dict:erase/2, Files2, SkipMods).

mod_file(Mod) ->
    File = atom_to_list(Mod) ++ code:objfile_extension(),
    case code:where_is_file(File) of
        non_existing -> throw({unknown_module, Mod});
        Absname      -> Absname
    end.

read_plt(_State, Plt) ->
    Vsn = dialyzer_version(),
    case plt_files(Plt) of
        {ok, Files} when Vsn < {2, 9, 0} ->
            % Before dialyzer-2.9 (OTP 18.3) removing a beam file from the PLT
            % that no longer exists would crash. Therefore force a rebuild of
            % PLT if any files no longer exist.
            read_plt_files(Plt, Files);
        {ok, _} = Result when Vsn >= {2, 9, 0} ->
            Result;
        {error, no_such_file} ->
            error;
        {error, not_valid} ->
            error;
        {error, read_error} ->
            Error = io_lib:format("Could not read the PLT file ~p", [Plt]),
            throw({dialyzer_error, Error})
    end.

plt_files(Plt) ->
    case dialyzer:plt_info(Plt) of
        {ok, Info} ->
            {ok, proplists:get_value(files, Info, [])};
        {error, _} = Error ->
            Error
    end.

%% If any file no longer exists dialyzer will fail when updating the PLT.
read_plt_files(Plt, Files) ->
    case [File || File <- Files, not filelib:is_file(File)] of
        [] ->
            {ok, Files};
        Missing ->
            ?INFO("Could not find ~p files in ~p...", [length(Missing), Plt]),
            ?DEBUG("Could not find files: ~p", [Missing]),
            error
    end.

check_plt(State, Plt, Output, OldList, FilesList) ->
    Old = sets:from_list(OldList),
    Files = sets:from_list(FilesList),
    Remove = sets:to_list(sets:subtract(Old, Files)),
    {RemWarnings, State1} = remove_plt(State, Plt, Output, Remove),
    Check = sets:to_list(sets:intersection(Files, Old)),
    {CheckWarnings, State2} = check_plt(State1, Plt, Output, Check),
    Add = sets:to_list(sets:subtract(Files, Old)),
    {AddWarnings, State3} = add_plt(State2, Plt, Output, Add),
    {RemWarnings + CheckWarnings + AddWarnings, State3}.

remove_plt(State, _Plt, _Output, []) ->
    {0, State};
remove_plt(State, Plt, Output, Files) ->
    ?INFO("Removing ~b files from ~p...", [length(Files), Plt]),
    run_plt(State, Plt, Output, plt_remove, Files).

check_plt(State, _Plt, _Output, []) ->
    {0, State};
check_plt(State, Plt, Output, Files) ->
    ?INFO("Checking ~b files in ~p...", [length(Files), Plt]),
    run_plt(State, Plt, Output, plt_check, Files).

add_plt(State, _Plt, _Output, []) ->
    {0, State};
add_plt(State, Plt, Output, Files) ->
    ?INFO("Adding ~b files to ~p...", [length(Files), Plt]),
    run_plt(State, Plt, Output, plt_add, Files).

run_plt(State, Plt, Output, Analysis, Files) ->
    GetWarnings = get_config(State, get_warnings, false),
    Opts = [{analysis_type, Analysis},
            {get_warnings, GetWarnings},
            {init_plt, Plt},
            {output_plt, Plt},
            {from, byte_code},
            {files, Files}],
    run_dialyzer(State, Opts, Output).

build_proj_plt(State, Plt, Output, Files) ->
    BasePlt = get_base_plt(State),
    ?INFO("Updating base plt...", []),
    BaseFiles = base_plt_files(State),
    {BaseWarnings, State1} = update_base_plt(State, BasePlt, Output, BaseFiles),
    ?INFO("Copying ~p to ~p...", [BasePlt, Plt]),
    _ = filelib:ensure_dir(Plt),
    case file:copy(BasePlt, Plt) of
        {ok, _} ->
            {CheckWarnings, State2} = check_plt(State1, Plt, Output, BaseFiles,
                                                Files),
            {BaseWarnings + CheckWarnings, State2};
        {error, Reason} ->
            Error = io_lib:format("Could not copy PLT from ~p to ~p: ~p",
                                  [BasePlt, Plt, file:format_error(Reason)]),
            throw({dialyzer_error, Error})
    end.

get_base_plt(State) ->
    Prefix = get_config(State, base_plt_prefix, ?PLT_PREFIX),
    Name = plt_name(Prefix),
    case get_config(State, base_plt_location, global) of
        global ->
            GlobalCacheDir = rebar_dir:global_cache_dir(rebar_state:opts(State)),
            filename:join(GlobalCacheDir, Name);
        Dir ->
            filename:join(Dir, Name)
    end.

base_plt_files(State) ->
    BasePltApps = base_plt_apps(State),
    BasePltMods = get_config(State, base_plt_mods, []),
    get_files(State, BasePltApps, [], BasePltMods, []).

base_plt_apps(State) ->
    get_config(State, base_plt_apps, [erts, crypto, kernel, stdlib]).

update_base_plt(State, BasePlt, Output, BaseFiles) ->
    case read_plt(State, BasePlt) of
        {ok, OldBaseFiles} ->
            check_plt(State, BasePlt, Output, OldBaseFiles, BaseFiles);
        error ->
            _ = filelib:ensure_dir(BasePlt),
            build_plt(State, BasePlt, Output, BaseFiles)
    end.

build_plt(State, Plt, _, []) ->
    ?INFO("Building with no files in ~p...", [Plt]),
    Opts = [{get_warnings, false},
            {output_plt, Plt},
            {apps, [erts]}],
    % Create a PLT with erts files and then remove erts files to be left with an
    % empty PLT. Dialyzer will crash when trying to build a PLT with an empty
    % file list.
    _ = dialyzer:run([{analysis_type, plt_build} | Opts]),
    _ = dialyzer:run([{analysis_type, plt_remove}, {init_plt, Plt} | Opts]),
    {0, State};
build_plt(State, Plt, Output, Files) ->
    ?INFO("Building with ~b files in ~p...", [length(Files), Plt]),
    GetWarnings = get_config(State, get_warnings, false),
    Opts = [{analysis_type, plt_build},
            {get_warnings, GetWarnings},
            {output_plt, Plt},
            {files, Files}],
    run_dialyzer(State, Opts, Output).

succ_typings(State, Plt, Output) ->
    {Args, _} = rebar_state:command_parsed_args(State),
    case proplists:get_value(succ_typings, Args) of
        false ->
            {0, State};
        _ ->
            ?INFO("Doing success typing analysis...", []),
            Files = proj_files(State),
            succ_typings(State, Plt, Output, Files)
    end.

succ_typings(State, Plt, _, []) ->
    ?INFO("Analyzing no files with ~p...", [Plt]),
    {0, State};
succ_typings(State, Plt, Output, Files) ->
    ?INFO("Analyzing ~b files with ~p...", [length(Files), Plt]),
    Opts = [{analysis_type, succ_typings},
            {get_warnings, true},
            {from, byte_code},
            {files, Files},
            {init_plt, Plt}],
    run_dialyzer(State, Opts, Output).

proj_files(State) ->
    Apps = proj_apps(State),
    BasePltApps = get_config(State, base_plt_apps, []),
    PltApps = get_config(State, plt_extra_apps, []) ++ BasePltApps,
    BasePltMods = get_config(State, base_plt_mods, []),
    PltMods = get_config(State, plt_extra_mods, []) ++ BasePltMods,
    get_files(State, Apps, PltApps, [], PltMods).

run_dialyzer(State, Opts, Output) ->
    %% dialyzer may return callgraph warnings when get_warnings is false
    case proplists:get_bool(get_warnings, Opts) of
        true ->
            WarningsList = get_config(State, warnings, []),
            Opts2 = [{warnings, legacy_warnings(WarningsList)},
                     {check_plt, false} |
                     Opts],
            ?DEBUG("Running dialyzer with options: ~p~n", [Opts2]),
            Warnings = format_warnings(Output, dialyzer:run(Opts2)),
            {Warnings, State};
        false ->
            Opts2 = [{warnings, no_warnings()},
                     {check_plt, false} |
                     Opts],
            ?DEBUG("Running dialyzer with options: ~p~n", [Opts2]),
            dialyzer:run(Opts2),
            {0, State}
    end.

legacy_warnings(Warnings) ->
    case dialyzer_version() of
       TupleVsn when TupleVsn < {2, 8, 0} ->
            [Warning || Warning <- Warnings, Warning =/= unknown];
        _ ->
            Warnings
    end.

format_warnings(Output, Warnings) ->
    Warnings1 = rebar_dialyzer_format:format_warnings(Warnings),
    console_warnings(Warnings1),
    file_warnings(Output, Warnings),
    length(Warnings).

console_warnings(Warnings) ->
    _ = [?CONSOLE("~s", [Warning]) || Warning <- Warnings],
    ok.

file_warnings(_, []) ->
    ok;
file_warnings(Output, Warnings) ->
    Warnings1 = [[dialyzer:format_warning(Warning, fullpath), $\n] || Warning <- Warnings],
    case file:write_file(Output, Warnings1, [append]) of
        ok ->
            ok;
        {error, Reason} ->
            throw({output_file_error, Output, Reason})
    end.

no_warnings() ->
    [no_return,
     no_unused,
     no_improper_lists,
     no_fun_app,
     no_match,
     no_opaque,
     no_fail_call,
     no_contracts,
     no_behaviours,
     no_undefined_callbacks].

get_config(State, Key, Default) ->
    Config = rebar_state:get(State, dialyzer, []),
    proplists:get_value(Key, Config, Default).

-spec collect_nested_dependent_apps([atom()]) -> [atom()].
collect_nested_dependent_apps(RootApps) ->
    Deps = lists:foldl(fun collect_nested_dependent_apps/2, sets:new(), RootApps),
    sets:to_list(Deps).

-spec collect_nested_dependent_apps(atom(), rebar_set()) -> rebar_set().
collect_nested_dependent_apps(App, Seen) ->
    case sets:is_element(App, Seen) of
        true ->
            Seen;
        false ->
            Seen1 = sets:add_element(App, Seen),
            case code:lib_dir(App) of
                {error, _} ->
                    throw({unknown_application, App});
                AppDir ->
                    case rebar_app_discover:find_app(AppDir, all) of
                        false ->
                            throw({unknown_application, App});
                        {true, AppInfo}  ->
                            lists:foldl(fun collect_nested_dependent_apps/2,
                                        Seen1,
                                        rebar_app_info:applications(AppInfo))
                    end
            end
    end.

dialyzer_version() ->
    _ = application:load(dialyzer),
    {ok, Vsn} = application:get_key(dialyzer, vsn),
    case string:tokens(Vsn, ".") of
        [Major, Minor] ->
            version_tuple(Major, Minor, "0");
        [Major, Minor, Patch | _] ->
            version_tuple(Major, Minor, Patch)
    end.

version_tuple(Major, Minor, Patch) ->
    {list_to_integer(Major), list_to_integer(Minor), list_to_integer(Patch)}.